History of political parties in nigeria pdf

This is themain question, which this paper addresses with emphasis on politicalideology, being the first and most important vehicle of a. The history of the formation of political party in nigeria dates back to. The politics of ethnic and regional security play a key role in nigerias political and economic development as well as its role in africa and the world in general. Historical and political evolution of nigeria from 1900present day 1. The history of political parties in nigeria began when the first political party in nigeria was established in 1959, the year before nigeria gained her independence from great britain. Analytical study of political party systems in nigeria. Since independence in 1960, nigerias unstable political history can be characterized by a series of military dictatorships interspersed with brief interludes of limited democracy and civilian rule.

Politics history of nigeria political parties and the culture. The history of nigeria can be traced to prehistoric settlers nigerians living in the area as early as 1100 bc. Nigeria has a long history, with its roots in early civilisations of distinguished artistry. History of political parties in nigeria in nigeria, the history of political parties is as old as the history of the british imposition and colonization of the largest nation of the black people. Apr 20, 2018 download complete project materials on historical development of political parties in nigeria from chapter one to five with references introduction. Apr 16, 2020 history of political parties in nigeria.

Pdf political parties, ideology and the nigerian state adeleke. Nigerias political independence was ushered in by the 12 december 1959 general elections into local councils, regional and federal legislatures. Section 3 offers a sketch of the historical sociology of the. Antifederalist debates, it featured two national parties competing for control of the presidency, congress, and. Before the elections, and based on the federal department of statistics projection of nigerias population to be 31,559,026, the political parties all agreed that there. Democracy, political parties, political behaviour,party politics, among other relevant concepts that we shall encounter in thecauseof the study.

The first set of political parties to be formed in nigeria was formed. Likewise, mexico became independent from spain well over a century ago, giving the country more time to institutionalize its political system and evolve toward a more democratic order. Evolution of political parties in nigeria it is generally agreed that the first political parties in nigeria, properly so called, made their appearance in nigeria political history following the introduction of elective principle, and competitive partisan politics by the. It also focuses attention on party system the history of political party in nigeria and political party affiliations.

An appraisal of precipitating factor s in nigeria olayiwola victor ojo m sc political science, university of ilorin, ilorin, nigeria abstract nigeria s electoral politics from independence has been tumultuous. Pages in category political parties in nigeria the following 26 pages are in this category, out of 26 total. The three political parties were the national council of nigeria and the cameroons ncnc. Thus a large share of political violence occurs within parties. National council of nigeria and the cameroons ncnc. Political party, a group of persons organized to acquire and exercise political power. The case of nigeria offers a cautionary tale of the excesses of military rule bolstered by oppression, force, prebendalism, and. In 1979, five political parties competed in a series of elections in which alhaji shehu shagari of the national party of nigeria npn was elected president. Jan 10, 2016 political history of nigeria since independence 1960 till date introduction by the time nigeria gained its independence, it was entering a period of rapid social and economic change, and many people were quite optimistic about its future.

Though the history of the evolution of political parties in nigeria dates back to the. Historical and political evolution of nigeria from 1900present daythat nigeria is beneath siege from all sides, not by a international power but by theirpersonal residence grown terrorists is no lengthier a make a difference nigeria news fordebate, but a deadly and sober truth, that even the most ardent patriots have occur. Journal of nigeria studies volume 1, number 2, fall 2012 political leadership and corruption in nigeria since 1960. By examining speeches, manifestos, and legislation, i found that the major parties do in fact have ideologies, within a broader understanding of what an ideology is. This post is about the governmental and political history of nigeria. Nigeria, july 2008 2 of slaves flowed north across the sahara for a millennium, ending only at the beginning of the twentieth century. Hey guys, here we are again today to bring to your notice the list of all political parties that is in our dear country nigeria. The first party system is a model of american politics used by political scientists and historians to periodize the political party system existing in the united states between roughly 1792 and 1824.

The first set of political parties to be formed in nigeria was formed in 1959, shortly before nigeria gained her independence from britain. Are these heady days for nigerian political parties. Statistics, structures and patterns 20062014 5 nigeria, however, resorting to force is not so much a peoples response to election rigging but a tool for, among others, politicians. While it is not realistic to imply that nigeria needs the same amount of time as. Politics and election in ondo state5endnotes12chapter two. Party primaries throughout the country clearly show that nigeria political parties are not operating within norms of democratic principles.

In the preindependence and the early post independence periods, political parties in nigeria were not ideologically based. However, the role of political parties in the emergent political experiments in the country has raised more questions than answers. Since the division of the republican party in the election of 1912, it has positioned itself as progressive and supporting labor in economic as well as social matters. This is the main question, which this paper addresses with emphasis on political ideology, being the first and most important vehicle of a political party. However, their regional rather than national focusthe ag represented the west, the npc the north, and the national council for nigeria and the cameroons read more. Analytical study of political party systems in nigeria adeniran, adetayo olaniyi school of management technology, federal university of technology, akure, ondo state, nigeria abstract party systems can be identified as patterns of interaction among political parties in electoral, parliamentary and governmental arenas of a given political context. Theoretical perspective 77 dedicated to strengthening ethnic politics in the west coleman, 1960. In 1959, there were three political parties in the country and they include the following. In the nigerian case study, the reconfiguration, formation of political parties, distribution of human and material resources and even crises coups, civil war, and religious impasse are hinged on ethnoreligious politics. Political leadership and corruption in nigeria since 1960. However, in november 1993, in nigerias seventh coup, general sani abacha assumed power and cancelled the scheduled return to civilian rule.

Parties have frequently mobilized supporters based on ethnoregional, religious, and personality politics, while. The npc was controlled by the hausafulani from the north. Download complete project materials on historical development of political parties in nigeria from chapter one to five with references introduction. There are mountains in the southeast of the country, and flat plains in the north merge into the sahara desert. List of all political parties in nigeria 2020 currently. The ncnc was controlled by the igbos, the tribe dominating the eastern region. Obasanjo peacefully transferred power to shagari, becoming the first head of state in nigerian history to willingly step down. Nigeria shares borders with benin to the west 773 km, cameroon 1,690 km and chad 87 km to the east, niger 1,496 km to the. The nigerian system of government is a centralized government. The plateau area around jos was a meeting point for cultural influences from the upper niger valley where agriculture developed independently as early as 5000 bce and from egypt. Regional and international actors should convey their expectations that political parties effectively address their internal disputes, and be. Thus providing nigeria with a cheqeured history with political transitions from civilian to military. It makes use of much hitherto unconsulted or unavailable british and gambian official and private documentary sources, as well as interviews with many gambian politicians and former. Political parties in nigeria, how may political parties do we have in nigeria, is pdp is a well known political party in nigeria, which party is currently ruling the nation.

Historical development of political parties in nigeria. In medieval times, the region was dominated by the transsaharan trade and was ruled by the mali empire. Starting from the kano riot of 1953 till date, the root causes of this political crisis still boils down to discrimination which led to the civil war. In nigeria, the history of political parties is as old as the history of the british imposition and colonization of the largest nation of the black people. Ap comparative government and politics nigeria briefing paper. The history of political parties boundless political science. All five parties won representation in the national assembly. Evolution of political parties in nigeria it is generally agreed that the first political parties in nigeria, properly so called, made their appearance in nigeria political history following the introduction of elective principle, and competitive partisan politics by the clifford constitution of 1922. Culture of nigeria history, people, clothing, traditions. Modern representative democracy cannot operate without political parties. Pdf nigerian parties and political ideology researchgate. History of political parties in nigeria will never be complete if mention is not made of the various political bigwigs in the history of this country.

Nigerias parties have a history of formation, dissolution and reformation due to the many transitions in nigerias postindependence political history. These political parties were the national council of nigeria and cameroons ncnc, the northern peoples congress npc and the action group ag. Library of congress federal research division country profile. All major political crisis in nigeria till date causes. Elections for these offices were held in 1959 and three political parties participated in it. History of political parties in nigeria since 1960. History of political parties in nigeria information. As a matter of fact, it is almost impossible to talk about the history of nigeria. Oct 08, 2012 historical and political evolution of nigeria from 1900present day 1. Section 2 attempts to define political parties and to indicate their significance for liberal democracy. There will also betheneed to look critically at the origin, nature, dynamics and trends of political parties and their development in the countries in question as this shall largely offer a.

In the 16th century, the region came to be ruled by the songhai empire. A political history of the gambia, 18161994 on jstor. Political parties 19961998 national democratic coalition nadeco committee for national consensus cnc democratic party of nigeria dpn grassroots democratic movement gdm national centre party of nigeria ncpn united nigeria congress party uncp justice party jp. Political parties and democratic consolidation in nigerias fourth republic akubo, a. On 1, october 1960, nigeria, after several years of british colonial rule, became an independent nation. Nigeria was scheduled for independence from britain in 1960, and three main political parties ran in the preparatory elections in 1959. This is the main question, which this paper addresses with emphasis on political. Pdf political parties, ideology and the nigerian state. Political parties and democratic consolidation in nigeria s fourth republic akubo, a. He dissolved the interim national government, national and state assemblies, the state executive councils and the two political parties, and banned all political activity.

Aduku and yakubu, adejo umoru centre for inter african and human development studies cides, jos, nigeria school of general studies, federal polytechnic, kaura namoda, zamfara state, nigeria. The action group ag and the northern peoples congress npc were the major nigerian parties when the country became independent in 1960. Parties have frequently mobilized supporters based on ethnoregional. It remains to be seen whether subsequent developments lead to the more clearcut emergence of ideological competition or back to the old ethnic infighting and. Political ideology is an important vehicle of a political party. Hence, this informative research paper examines critically the origin and proliferation of political parties in nigeria from 1923 to 2018, studying closely the first. History and development of political parties in nigeria. History of political parties in nigeria elections actually held in 1993 between social democratic party sdp and national republican party nrp. And there is no political party without one or two manifestoes during their electioneering campaign, nigerian parties seem to be. Political parties are indispensable for making democracy work and deliver. Pluralism and democratic society in a democracy, government is only one thread in the social fabric of many and varied public and private institutions, legal forums, political parties, organizations, characteristics of. Restructuring nigeria would make a whole lot of sense if properly understood and implemented. The first europeans to visit the gambia river were the portuguese in the 15th century, who attempted to. Nigeria s parties have a history of formation, dissolution and reformation due to the many transitions in nigeria s postindependence political history.

The political and governmental history of nigeria nigerian. An overview of party formation in nigeria, 19601999 codesria. This report is the result of worldwide research and dialogue with political parties. The democratic party is one of two major political parties in the united states, and is the oldest political party in the world. Party system and nigeria political development projectclue. Finding the proper conditions for the better internal functioning and effective legal regulation of political parties is of key importance anywhere. Historical and political evolution of nigeria from 1900.

Within nigeria, slavery was widespread and bore social implications that are still evident. The emergence of political parties and multiparty system are positive indicators of sturdy process of democratic transition. Statistics, structures and patterns 20062014 3 introduction to understand this kind of mafiastyle activity in nigerian politics, it is important to note that many political parties are operated by political godfathers, who use money and violence to control the political process. A political party is an organised group of people with a sui generis label and possibly an acronym that, primarily recruit, train and field candidates to be elected to vacant public offices by eligible electorates through the constitutional means of.

Pdf are these heady days for nigerian political parties. A brief history of factionalism and new party formation and decline in south africa the case of cope ivor sarakinsky and ebrahim fakir ivor sarakinsky is senior lecturer, graduate school of public and development management, university of the witwatersrand. Nigeria has the appropriate credentials for greatness. Political parties in nigeria are institutions set up for healthy competition among those vying for particular government offices in the land and there is a need to know and understand how nigerian politics and political parties have evolved by looking into the history of political parties in nigeria. Oct 23, 2014 i believe that by concentrating on the undoubted absence of narrow leftright ideology, we overlook the ideologies that do exist and which guide nigerian political parties. Case study of the all progressives congress olakunle olowojolu lecturer department of political science and international relations, landmark university, omuaran, nigeria abstract right from the 1960s, both the ruling parties and the opposition parties are always at. An appraisal of precipitating factors in nigeria olayiwola victor ojo m sc political science, university of ilorin, ilorin, nigeria abstract nigerias electoral politics from independence has been tumultuous. It is a phenomenon that had existed even during the british rule and dominance of the political reign of the niger area people.

In advance of the election, international diplomatic efforts to preempt electoral violence need to be intensified. Aside discussing the political parties in nigeria, this write up will equally discuss about the political history of nigeria. In democratic societies, people who share similar views and goals often join together to form political parties. The military and the nigerian societybackground to june 12 election of 199314the emergence of chief m. Shola omotola, redeemers university, redemption city, mowe, ogun state, nigeria. In this system of government we have a big powerful central government which controls virtually all the affairs of the state government. Islam reached nigeria through the borno empire between 1068 ad and hausa states.

The history of political crisis in nigeria today stems from the need to control power at the centre by the various regions in the country. The scope of this study is strictly centered on the examination of the extent of development made by multiparty system in nigeria political sphere. Political parties were outlawed under the abacha regime, and only came back into being after his death. An assessment of political parties and democratic consolidation in nigerias fourth republic mike omilusi, phd department of political science ekiti state university, nigeria abstract democratic values and practices are crucial for democratic institutionalization and the development of party strength. The history of nigeria political parties and the politics of carpet crossing have always walked side by side. The development of political parties in nigeria dates back to the days of the struggle for political independent in the late 1940s, when the nationalists were at the preindependence and postindependence periods. As of the 1999 presidential elections, there were three main political parties in nigeria. This newly formed country would go on to become a republic three years down the line on 1, october, 1963. Nigeria has a population of 3 million, a landmass of 923,768km2, a bountiful endowment in arable land, solid minerals and petroleumgas resources. Nigeria became a federal republic, modelling its federal. Numerous ancient african civilizations settled in the region that is today nigeria, such as the kingdom of nri, the benin empire, and the oyo empire.